Publications

Successive attempts to institutionalise Islam in France have not resulted in an entirely satisfactory outcome.

Since gaining independence in 1960, Somalia has enjoyed only a few periods of stability. Wars with neighbouring countries – Ethiopia in particular – have persisted, causing serious internal issues, especially since the fall of dictator Siad Barre in 1991. Four causes...

At the close of World War I, denial of the Armenian genocide became a central point in Turkey’s official doctrine. Up to the mid-2000s, intellectuals have been denounced for having spoken about the genocide in public. However, there are signs that things are changing, both in government...

The 100^th anniversary of the Armenian genocide will not mark a great historical moment in Armenian-Turkish relations. The two countries are standing firm on their positions. Armenia is trying to extend the list of countries that recognize the genocide and has made some significant...

The European Union (EU) has been trying to establish a common European asylum system for fifteen years. This project has been stalled by disagreements between states, each looking out for its own national interests.

After the war between Israel and Hezbollah during the summer of 2006, a deterrence strategy was established between the two parties. Occasional subsequent crises have thereby been contained and have been prevented from escalating into extensive confrontations. 

Boko Haram was created in 2002 and has been led since 2010 by Abubakar Shekau; however, we still know little about it. 

The annexation of Crimea and the Ukraine crisis have enabled Vladimir Putin once again to put on a display of Russian dominance, uniting the nation around core conservative values. 

The Islamic State has considerable income, mostly from taking control of banks; managing trafficking networks – particularly hydrocarbons – and from external support. 

From the incident at Pristina airport (1999) to the seizure of Crimea (2014), Moscow is trying to demonstrate that it will not abide by rules set by others, nor resign itself to the place of a second-tier power.