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As the globalization’s sphere grows, the differences grow simultaneously. Understanding and preserving cultural diversity are therefore imperative today, hence the necessity of developing genuine cultural policies, integrating the action of all actors: international organizations, states, civil society, and the private sector. Education and the preservation of heritage (in the wider sense) constitute without a doubt its most immediate stakes.Koïchiro Matsuura, Former Prime Secretary to Japanese Delegation in the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), served for many years in the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs: in 1994, he represents Japan to the G7 Summit. In 1999, he is elected as Generali Director of UNESCO and his mandate has been renewed for a second term office.