The crisis in Ukraine seems at first to be the result of the impact of two misunderstandings of Russian and Western approaches.
Publications
With over 150 publications issued each year
under an open access policy in French, English, German and Russian,
Ifri enriches the international debate with a constant concern for
objectivity, intellectual rigor, transversality, openness, and support to public and private decision-making.
The criticism leveled by Americans at Europe’s neglect of its commitment to defense is not new, and is often exaggerated.
The First World War gave rise to the emergence of the discipline of international relations, but it was the Second World War and the Cold War that fostered its development.
There are some disturbing similarities between present-day Asia and pre-1914 Europe.
The First World War helped redefine the notion of strategy, giving it a political dimension that it previously lacked.
The first wave of globalization in the 20th century triggered deep upheaval of the organization of power and an overall depreciation of European nations.
The Paris Peace Conference of 1919-1920 marked the end of the First World War whose purpose was to establish the conditions for enduring, if not perpetual peace.
The First World War had tragic consequences for the Middle-East. It led to the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire and the balkanization of the region.
In 1914 the firepower of modern weaponry produced a massacre. To limit losses, the warring parties dug themselves into trenches. The French army was forced to innovate.