Despite being poorly institutionalised, BRICS and SCO attract an increasing number of small and middle powers because they provide them with diplomatic influence they cannot obtain elsewhere. The G7 should draw inspiration from this and expand to include like-minded democracies, most notably South Korea. This would help counterbalance US dominance within the group, strengthen multilateralism and cooperation to address interconnected security cha lenges in Europe and the Indo-Pacific. Cooperation between G7 countries and South Korea is critical to uphold rules-based international trade, supply chain resilience and AI governance.

In 2026, France will assume the rotating presidency of the Group of Seven (G7). Fifty-one years after the first summit in Rambouillet – hosted by President Valéry Giscard d’Estaing) – the G7 itself has changed little (in 1977 it added Canada and in 1998 Russia, expelled in 2014 after its first invasion of Ukraine), yet the whole world around it has been utterly transformed.

UPDATING THE G7 TO THE REALITY OF THE CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

For decades, the G7 was synonym of a club of the world’s wealthiest countries. Now, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the world’s second-largest economy, and emerging powers such as India, Indonesia and Brazil are becoming heavyweights in the global economy. Competing international groupings are also gaining momentum, attracting a growing number of member states. The BRICS has expanded from its original five members (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) to ten, following the inclusion of four new countries in 2024 (Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran and the United Arab Emirates) and one in 2025 (Indonesia). Similarly, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), established in 2001 with six founding members (China and Russia plus four Central Asian states), has since grown to include India and Pakistan in 2018, and Iran and Belarus in 2023 and 2024, respectively – bringing its total membership to ten. To fully understand the reach of these organisations, it’s important to note that BRICS introduced a new category of “partner countries” in January 2025, officially encompassing nine states.¹ Notably, during its most recent summit in Tianjin in September 2025, the SCO merged its “Observer” and “Dialogue Partner” statuses into a single “SCO Partners” category, now including seventeen countries spanning from Southeast Asia to the Near East.² 

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