With COP30 just around the corner, and as the EU is debating its 2035 NDC and 2040 targets, EU faces a key strategic dilemma of whether international carbon credits should be included in its 2040 emissions reduction target and if so, under which conditions?

At the crossroads of regional dynamics in the South Caucasus and global geopolitical tensions, Armenia faces a necessary strategic repositioning. 

The foundations of the post-1945 international order, long anchored by U.S. leadership, are shifting. Amid intensifying geopolitical rivalry, democratic backsliding, and strategic fatigue in Washington, the question arises: what if the United States no longer plays its pivotal role in international security? Simultaneously, the Global South is asserting new political and economic agency, complicating the old binaries of West vs. Rest. For Europe, this landscape is both a challenge and an inflection point.

Turkey has entered a new phase of turbulence. The arrest of Istanbul’s mayor, Ekrem İmamoğlu, on March 19, 2025, triggered a broad protest movement, which the main opposition party, the CHP, is attempting to organize. In parallel, the government continues its peace process with the PKK — a development that could profoundly reshape the country’s political landscape.

Discussion with Dr. Johann Wadephul, member of the Bundestag and Vice-Chairman of the CDU/CSU Group in the Bundestag for Foreign Affairs, Defense, the Inter-Parliamentary Conference on the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and the Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP), Council of Europe.

European foreign intelligence services have had to continuously adapt to the rapidly evolving security landscape of the past few years. Following challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic, financial crises, and hybrid threats, the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine has placed conventional military conflict at the centre of European security concerns.

How should European security be approached in the face of the challenges posed by the war in Ukraine?

Ifri is hosting a high-level closed-doors discussion aimed at creating a shared space for open and operational reflections on the future of EU’s technological and industrial resilience against the backdrop of ever-more fraught geopolitics, eroding energy intensive industries, mounting value chain vulnerabilities, and populism.