Unemployment in East Asia and Europe: Report of the Council for Asia-Europe Cooperation (CAEC)
While formal unemployment has existed in Western Europe for a long time, most East Asian economies had managed to avoid this hardship until recently. Yet, as a result of the financial crisis of 1997-98 in East Asia, as well as of the protracted economic crisis in Japan and of the deep restructuring taking place in China, unemployment has come to the fore as one among the many challenges facing Asian economies.
This collection of papers offers to examine in parallel the Asian and European experiences with unemployment. A major conclusion is that beyond broad differences between the two regions, there is more convergence than may be initially expected, as well as substantial scope for collective discussions and cooperation.
Contributors: L. Dilokvihyarat, F. Godement, A. Hu, J. Keum, H. Klodt, S. Ku Ahmad, N. Mitani, E. Mossé, F. Nicolas, F. Origo, M. Samek Lodovici et C. Tingsabadh.
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China’s Climate Leadership after Hormuz: How Should Europe Adjust?
The effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz in early 2026 offered an unplanned stress test of China’s approach to energy security, and China passed it far better than most expected. The episode demonstrated that the underlying risk of supply disruption is real, while validating a preference for resilience and resource security that has long underpinned Chinese energy and climate policy and has now been reinforced under the banner of building an “energy powerhouse.”
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Amid rising trade tensions between Europe and China and broader uncertainty in the international rules-based trade regime, Beijing has worked to preserve and bolster the multilateral trading system while at the same time failing to reform the domestic policies that have served to undermine that same system.
Pakistan and the Israel-Palestine Conflict: Transformation in Pakistan’s Approach After the War in Gaza
Pakistan has long combined vocal support for the Palestinian cause with covert engagement with Israel. Since the war in Gaza, this balance has become untenable: public opinion is united against Israel, joining Trump’s Board of Peace has drawn rare cross-party criticism, and new regional alignments put normalization out of reach.
The Oceania Factor in France’s Evolving Indo-Pacific Strategy
This paper examines the two-way relationship between France’s Indo-Pacific strategy and developments in Oceania. Oceania was not a priority in the initial years of France’s Indo-Pacific strategy, as the region was largely treated as secondary to major strategic hotspots and key partnerships, while overseas territories were primarily handled as domestic issues and recipients of a top-down strategy.