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How to Create a Public Policy in a Failed State: The Challenge of Securing Land Rights in Eastern Congo

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How to Create a Public Policy in a Failed State - The Challenge of Securing Land Rights in Eastern Congo
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In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) 32 years of dictatorship and almost ten years of war have bled the country dry and left its administration incapable of providing the population with basic services and the government incapable of applying or even formulating public policy.

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The land sector has not been spared by the collapse of the State, which started at the beginning of the nineties and is still not over. The land law dates from 1973 and the administration barely functions, yet “the land is the exclusive and inalienable property of the State exempt from prescription”. In the Eastern Congo land problems are regarded as a key element in the socio-political instability in the zone.

 

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978-2-36567-069-2

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How to Create a Public Policy in a Failed State: The Challenge of Securing Land Rights in Eastern Congo

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Author(s)
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Thierry Vircoulon

Thierry VIRCOULON

Intitulé du poste

Chercheur associé, Centre Afrique subsaharienne de l'Ifri

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Subsaharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa Center
Accroche centre

Founded in 2007, Ifri's Sub-Saharan Africa center produces an in-depth analysis of the African continent and its security, geopolitical, political and socio-economic dynamics (in particular the phenomenon of urbanization). The Center aims to be both, through various publications and conferences, a space for disseminating analyzes intended for the media and the public but also a decision-making tool for political and economic actors with regard to the continent.

The center produces analyses for various organizations such as the Ministry of the Armed Forces, the Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the French Development Agency (AFD) and even for various private supports. Its researchers are regularly interviewed by parliamentary committees.

The organization of events of various formats complements the production of analyzes by bringing the different spheres of the public space (academic, political, media, economic and civil society) to meet and exchange analytical tools and visions of the continent. The Sub-Saharan Africa Center regularly welcomes political leaders from different sub-Saharan African countries.

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Gabon: Has an — Almost — Exemplary Transition Produced a New Political Model?

Date de publication
01 October 2025
Accroche

In two rounds of voting, on September 27 and October 11, 2025, the citizens of Gabon elected the members of both their local councils and the new national assembly. This marked almost the final stage of political transition, little more than two years after the coup d’état that had overthrown the more than five decades old dynastic regime of the Bongos — Omar, the father, who died in office in 2009, and then his son Ali, who is now in exile.

François GAULME Paul MELLY
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Claiming "The People": Youth Booms, Ailing Authoritarians and "Populist" Politics in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania

Date de publication
31 October 2025
Accroche

This study analyses the emergence of so-called “populist” political tendencies in three East African countries: Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. It builds its analysis on a wider discussion of the term “populism”, its use and applicability in (eastern) African settings before going on to examine the drivers of three cases of populism: William Ruto’s 2022 election victory in Kenya and the “Hustler Nation”; Bobi Wine’s opposition to Yoweri Museveni in Uganda; and John Magufuli highly personal style of government in Tanzania.

Peter LOCKWOOD
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The Contradictory Impacts of Western Sanctions on Economic Relations between Russia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Date de publication
28 May 2025
Accroche

How does Russia maintain economic ties with Africa despite Western sanctions? An analysis of investments, trade, and the circumvention strategies deployed by Moscow.

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The Revenue Sources Sustaining Sudan’s Civil War. Lessons for the year 2023

Date de publication
26 May 2025
Accroche

Wars require money and resources, and often, most conflicts involve controlling sources of income and supply lines or denying them to enemies. This has been the case in Sudan’s past conflicts and is again as the civil war—between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF), commanded by General Abdelfattah al-Burhan, and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), commanded by General Mohammed Hamdan Daglo “Hemedti” —has sunk into a protracted conflict.

Ernst Jan HOGENDOORN

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How to Create a Public Policy in a Failed State - The Challenge of Securing Land Rights in Eastern Congo
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How to Create a Public Policy in a Failed State - The Challenge of Securing Land Rights in Eastern Congo

How to Create a Public Policy in a Failed State: The Challenge of Securing Land Rights in Eastern Congo