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Navigating the Multilateral Seas: Lost in Decomposition? - Politique étrangère, Vol. 90, No. 2, Summer 2025

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Politique étrangère, Vol. 90, No. 2, Summer 2025
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Politique étrangère, n°3/2025, automne 2025
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Institutionalized multilateralism seems to be under threat from power politics, especially within the UN system. There are continuing demands for the UN to be reformed. And flexible forms of consultation are being developed, such as club diplomacy and minilateralism. The reshaping of multilateralism is thus taking place mainly outside the institutional system, and its distance from the liberal international order and the multipolar order makes it less likely that the earth's habitability will be placed at the top of the multilateral agenda.

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Visuel article Ramel, PE 2-2025
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Frédéric Ramel is Professor of Political Science at Sciences Po Paris. As researcher at the Centre de recherches internationales (CERI), he co-directed the ANR DATAWAR program (2019-2023) and coordinates the Groupe de recherche sur l'action multilatérale (GRAM) at CNRS. He has just published Espace mondial (Paris, Presses de Sciences Po, 2024).

Article available in French only, published in Politique étrangère, Vol. 90, No. 2, Summer 2025.

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Navigating the Multilateral Seas: Lost in Decomposition? - Politique étrangère, Vol. 90, No. 2, Summer 2025

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Iran: Anatomy of a Power at War

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08 September 2026
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The elimination of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and several high-ranking officials at the outset of the 2026 American-Israeli operation did not succeed in bringing down the Iranian regime. The regime had prepared for such a scenario, notably by decentralizing its structures. Moreover, it continues to adapt to war. The power of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps is growing at the expense of the Shiite clergy. The security apparatus defends the country’s sovereignty and justifies its actions in the name of raison d’état.

Sophia MAHROUG
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“Remodeling” the Middle East?

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08 September 2026
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Chaos continues to spread, seemingly without end, across the Middle East. The Israeli-American attack on Iran has resulted in a clear military and diplomatic failure, but it is paving the way for a regional realignment, the consequences of which remain uncertain. New regional groupings are taking shape, either centered around Israel or built on the prospect of coexistence with Tehran, alongside a decline in American influence and the marginalization of Europe, while China maintains a low-key presence.

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Silicon Valley and War: Lessons from Ukraine

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08 September 2026
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Over the course of international conflicts, and particularly in Ukraine, major tech companies have emerged as central actors. Initially subject to wartime maneuvering, they have since become decisive actors in their own right, privatizing a significant share of wartime exchanges, shaping the information flows of societies, and presenting themselves as providers of security. This situation raises important questions about states’ autonomy in making decisions and taking action.

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Does Artificial Intelligence Change the Nature of War?

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08 September 2026
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From Gaza to Ukraine and Iran, current conflicts are being shaped by the arrival of artificial intelligence and robots on the battlefield. The changes under way are so profound that humans risk rapidly losing control over entire aspects of the conduct of military operations. While these technological developments are altering the character of war, their impact on the very nature of war itself remains a matter of debate.

 

 

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Politique étrangère, n°3/2025, automne 2025
Frédéric RAMEL, « Navigating the Multilateral Seas: Lost in Decomposition? - Politique étrangère, Vol. 90, No. 2, Summer 2025 », Politique étrangère, Articles from Politique Etrangère, Ifri, 6 June 2025.
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Image de couverture de la publication
Politique étrangère, n°3/2025, automne 2025

Navigating the Multilateral Seas: Lost in Decomposition? - Politique étrangère, Vol. 90, No. 2, Summer 2025