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Hybrid Warfare in the Strategic Spectrum: an Historical Assessment

External Book Chapters
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Références
in: Guillaume Lasconjarias and Jeffrey Larsen (ed.), NATO’s Response to Hybrid Threats, Rome, NATO Defence College, 2015, pp. 95-112.
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"Hybrid Warfare" is a fashionable concept, but in order fo it to be really relevant, it has to be visualized within the whole strategic spectrum.

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While references to "hybrid warfare" are now proliferating at every corner of the strategic community, it is already shaping debates that will in turn have critical consequences for Western states equipment and force structures. This is why it is so essential to validate the relevance of the concept and the nature of the phenomena it aims to put a name on. To answer this, it is important to analyze the features and the location of hybrid warfare at the three different levels of war: the political and strategic level, that of operational art and finally the tactics and weapons systems.

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ISBN / ISSN

978-88-96898-12-3

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Élie TENENBAUM

Élie TENENBAUM

Intitulé du poste

Directeur du Centre des études de sécurité de l'Ifri

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Security Studies Center
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Heir to a tradition dating back to the founding of Ifri, the Security Studies Center provides public and private decision-makers as well as the general public with the keys to understanding power relations and contemporary modes of conflict as well as those to come. Through its positioning at the juncture of politics and operations, the credibility of its civil-military team and the wide distribution of its publications in French and English, the Center for Security Studies constitutes in the French landscape of think tanks a unique center of research and influence on the national and international defense debate.

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Taking the Pulse: Is France’s New Nuclear Doctrine Ambitious Enough?

Date de publication
12 March 2026
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French President Emmanuel Macron has unveiled his country’s new nuclear doctrine. Are the changes he has made enough to reassure France’s European partners in the current geopolitical context?

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Macron Offers a Promising Vision for Nuclear Deterrence in Europe

Date de publication
11 March 2026
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Macron’s concept of ‘forward deterrence’ offers a distinctly European approach to nuclear deterrence.

Héloïse FAYET Darya DOLZIKOVA
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Multiple Launch Rocket Systems Europe’s Long-standing and Enduring Dependence?

Date de publication
10 February 2026
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The war in Ukraine has underlined the importance of multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS) in modern conflict, especially a war without clear air superiority and hence a reduced potential for air-launched deep strike. In 2022, the European MLRS fleet was split between a variety of Western platforms developed at the end of the Cold War and specialized in precision strikes.
 

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Autonomous Systems in the Underwater Domain: A Limitless Revolution?

Date de publication
15 January 2026
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One of the decisive strategic factors in the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war is the mass use of aerial, maritime, and terrestrial autonomous capabilities, which are transforming the face of the battlefield. Nevertheless, many of these drones are still remotely piloted, operated, or supervised, testifying to the fact that the autonomization of military capabilities is still at an embryonic stage.

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Élie TENENBAUM, « Hybrid Warfare in the Strategic Spectrum: an Historical Assessment », External Book Chapters, Ifri, 30 December 2015.
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