With COP30 just around the corner, and as the EU is debating its 2035 NDC and 2040 targets, EU faces a key strategic dilemma of whether international carbon credits should be included in its 2040 emissions reduction target and if so, under which conditions?

At the crossroads of regional dynamics in the South Caucasus and global geopolitical tensions, Armenia faces a necessary strategic repositioning. 

After more than three years, the war in Ukraine knows neither victor nor vanquished. However, the balance of power is gradually being reversed in the triple context of Russia’s resilience, Donald Trump’s arrival in the White House, and the consequent weakening of transatlantic ties. 

The foundations of the post-1945 international order, long anchored by U.S. leadership, are shifting. Amid intensifying geopolitical rivalry, democratic backsliding, and strategic fatigue in Washington, the question arises: what if the United States no longer plays its pivotal role in international security? Simultaneously, the Global South is asserting new political and economic agency, complicating the old binaries of West vs. Rest. For Europe, this landscape is both a challenge and an inflection point.

The evolving U.S. strategic posture and the intensification of the war in Ukraine are reshaping the security landscape in Europe. This context calls for a clear assessment of the balance of power between Europe and Russia.

Turkey has entered a new phase of turbulence. The arrest of Istanbul’s mayor, Ekrem İmamoğlu, on March 19, 2025, triggered a broad protest movement, which the main opposition party, the CHP, is attempting to organize. In parallel, the government continues its peace process with the PKK — a development that could profoundly reshape the country’s political landscape.

In an international context marked by the resurgence of power rivalries, cooperation between Iran, China, Russia and North Korea is attracting increasing attention.

As President Trump's approval rating stagnates in the polls and with 18 months remaining before the November 2026 midterm elections, why is the Democratic Party unable to offer a credible and compelling alternative to middle-class American voters? On what issues and around which figures could the radical left and the moderate left find common ground by then?

2025 is already characterized by the accelerated erosion of the West and global fragmentation on energy and climate policies, security, trade and governance. Ten years after the Paris Agreement, greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise and the United States is once more preparing to exit the global climate governance, while coal has again passed another consumption record in 2024. Yet annual clean sector investments are finally nearing the 2 trillion $ mark, notably driven by energy security and industrial policies.
 

The new German government, a "grand coalition" likely led by Friedrich Merz, will have to navigate a complex international environment, marked notably by a disruption of transatlantic relations. The Trump administration's attacks on traditional U.S. allies, the rapprochement between Washington and Moscow, as well as the uncertainties surrounding the future of NATO, are shaking the paradigms of German foreign policy.