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Sub-Saharan Africa

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Sub-Saharan Africa is not monolithic. While crises in the Sahel have attracted a great deal of attention, other regions also need to be monitored, and not just through the prism of security.

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Sub-Saharan Africa
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Corruption in Kenya. Understanding a Multifaceted Phenomenon

Date de publication
08 September 2021
Accroche

In Kenya, corruption results from a confusion of public and private interests that is specific to the neo-patrimonial logic in place since British colonization. The strong moral and political ethnicity that characterizes the country fuels an ambiguous relationship between the population and the elite.

Alexia VAN RIJ

Towards Geopolitical German Development Cooperation? Recent History, Current Trends, and Future Prospects

Date de publication
20 July 2021
Accroche

German development cooperation (GDC) in a post-Merkel era can be expected to become more geopolitical. Recently adopted German policy documents like the Indo-Pacific guidelines as well as the support to the geopolitical ambition of the European Commission suggest such a tendency for future German policy making.

Manfred ÖHM
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Land Governance in the Outskirts of African Cities. Socio-Economic Challenges of Growing Peri-Urban Land Markets

Date de publication
19 July 2021
Accroche

Between 2020 and 2050, Africa’s population is expected to double, and the continent will be home to 2.5 billion people. Almost half of this population will be living in urban agglomerations. Metropolitan cities, such as Lagos, Nairobi, Dar es Salaam or Abidjan will host several tens of millions of urban dwellers. Peri-urban areas are most affected by the cities’ expansion and undergo important social, political, and economic transformations. 

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Why France is losing its 'Great Game' in western Africa

02 July 2021
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The British used to call it "the Great Game" — the military and political jockeying of great powers in the late 19th century in Afghanistan, India and the areas around southern Russia. France, too, has played its "Great Game" in western Africa for 150 years. Now it's losing. Islamist extremists are winning.

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Green Recovery for Sub-Saharan Africa: Boosting Sustainable Electrification

Date de publication
25 June 2021
Accroche

If sub-Saharan Africa followed the same model of economic development as the rest of the world, focused on the growth of carbon intensive industries, cities and infrastructures, it would seal the planet's climate future. Africa’s emissions today are among the lowest per capita in the world: 0.8 tons/capita. 

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Relations Between Europe and Africa Seen Through the Franco-German Prism

Date de publication
21 June 2021
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The year 2020 was to be a pivotal year for (re)formulating Europe's Africa strategy. Germany and France were committed to strengthening relations between the two continents and to consolidating them at the sixth summit of the African Union and the European Union, which was postponed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. 

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The Economic and Political Consequences of Falling Oil Production in Sub-Saharan Africa by 2030

Date de publication
11 June 2021
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The sharp rebound in oil prices since the second half of 2020, to nearly $70 per barrel in May 2021, represents only a temporary respite for oil-dependent African economies that must change their economic model very quickly.

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Towards Health for All in Côte d'Ivoire? The Universal Health Coverage as a Means to Redefine the State and to Legitimize the Regime

Date de publication
31 May 2021
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Based on a field survey carried out in Côte d'Ivoire as part of the research program “Faire des politiques publiques en Afrique”, the author questions the genesis of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in the field of global health and its appropriation in the Ivorian context.

Clément SORIAT
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Great Britain and Africa: Boris Johnson's Strategic Reversals

Date de publication
12 May 2021
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In 2020-2021, Prime Minister Boris Johnson undertook to fundamentally change the operational mode and strategy of relations between the United Kingdom and the African continent bequeathed by his predecessors since 1997.

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A Kingdom in Troubled Waters: Lesotho's Forgotten Political and Security Crises

Date de publication
28 April 2021
Accroche

Lesotho is a landlocked mountain kingdom encased in South Africa for which it is a reservoir of water and labor. This kingdom of tormented creation is in a structural political and security crisis. Since 1993 and the return to multiparty politics, all elections, except that of 2002, needed regional mediation. 

Thibaud KURTZ
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Chad’s president Déby killed ‘on the frontline’

26 April 2021
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President Déby was killed while visiting troops on the frontline, according to an army spokesman.

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Central African Social Media at the Dawn of the Elections : An Advanced Symptom of a Coming Political Crisis

Date de publication
24 March 2021
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Although the Central African Republic remains a very weakly connected country with an Internet penetration rate of 14% in 2020, citizens begin to appropriate the use of social networks.

Saber JENDOUBI
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Post-Nkurunziza : The Total Supremacy of the CNDD-FDD

Date de publication
17 March 2021
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Despite the coronavirus pandemic and the passing of  President Pierre Nkurunziza on June 8, 2020, the election cycle (presidential, legislative, senatorial, communal and hillside elections) have been upheld and went smoothly. Not only has the ruling party, the National Council for the Defense of Democracy-Forces for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD-FDD) remained in power, but it has also consolidated its dominance over an institutional system that had been modified with the 2018 constitutional revision.

Thierry VIRCOULON Henri-Paul MAGLOIRE
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The African Union’s Migration Agenda: An Alternative to European Priorities in Africa?

Date de publication
26 February 2021
Accroche

While migration from Africa is the priority of European policies for the control of the European Union’s external borders, African migration dynamics are above all regional. Sub-Saharan migration is poorly connected to transcontinental flows: more than 70% remain in Africa.

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Tanzania’s 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State

Date de publication
09 February 2021
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Beginning with early voting in Zanzibar on October 27, 2020, Tanzanians went to the polls in a general election for district councilors, Members of Parliament (MPs) and the President. As official results began to be declared, it became clear that Tanzania’s long-time ruling party, Chama Cha Mapinduzi, had won a landslide. 

Michaela COLLORD

Portugal and Lusophone Africa: Complex Postcolonial Relationships

Date de publication
19 January 2021
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Whereas the strong ties between France and its former colonies in Africa have been studied extensively, the relationships between Portugal and Lusophone Africa have attracted less attention. This editorial offers insights into the political, economic, and diplomatic interactions between Lisbon and different African countries.

 

 

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Japan’s Economic Diplomacy in Africa: Between Strategic Priorities and Local Realities

Date de publication
22 December 2020
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During his term in office (2012-2020), Prime Minister Shinzo Abe sought to demonstrate Japan's high level of interest in Africa, including by pledging a total of $ 60 billion in financial support at the 2013 and 2016 Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) summits and announcing his vision for a “Free and Open Indo-Pacific” (FOIP) at the TICAD-VI in Nairobi.

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COVID-19 in Africa: A Continent’s Response to a Global Crisis

Date de publication
07 December 2020
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The COVID-19 pandemic has struck Africa less than expected. 

Fred EBOKO
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South Africa’s Energy Policies: Are Changes Finally Coming?

Date de publication
16 December 2020
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Energy and electricity policy, planning and regulation in South Africa has been slow and bureaucratic, lacking visionary leadership, and marred by uncertainty. Policy positions and actions taken have tended to be reactive, and driven more by crisis management than by forward-looking leadership.

Chris YELLAND
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Israel-Africa Relations: What Can We Learn from the Netanyahu Decade?

Date de publication
04 November 2020
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Since he came to power in 2009, Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has not made Israeli-African relations a priority in his foreign policy.

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Related centers and programs
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Macro view of a political map of Ethiopia
East and Central Africa Observatory
Accroche centre

The East and Central Africa Observatory is a 3-year research project (2023-2025) that Ifri is carrying out jointly with the French Institute of Research in Africa (IFRA) in Nairobi for the French Ministry of Defense, and more specifically its International Relations and Strategy Division (DGRIS). This observatory focuses on the main political, security and geopolitical developments taking place in the geographical areas covered by itself. This is achieved through the regular production of research notes, in English or French and the organization of an annual seminar around a key theme. For our research notes and conferences, we call on internationally acknowledged experts in the topics covered. This Observatory began in 2016, under the title of Observatory of Central and Southern Africa within Ifri's Sub-Saharan Africa Center. 55 notes were drafted between 2016 and 2020.

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Subsaharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa Center
Accroche centre

Founded in 2007, Ifri's Sub-Saharan Africa center produces an in-depth analysis of the African continent and its security, geopolitical, political and socio-economic dynamics (in particular the phenomenon of urbanization). The Center aims to be both, through various publications and conferences, a space for disseminating analyzes intended for the media and the public but also a decision-making tool for political and economic actors with regard to the continent.

The center produces analyses for various organizations such as the Ministry of the Armed Forces, the Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the French Development Agency (AFD) and even for various private supports. Its researchers are regularly interviewed by parliamentary committees.

The organization of events of various formats complements the production of analyzes by bringing the different spheres of the public space (academic, political, media, economic and civil society) to meet and exchange analytical tools and visions of the continent. The Sub-Saharan Africa Center regularly welcomes political leaders from different sub-Saharan African countries.

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Sub-Saharan Africa
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