Search on Ifri.org

About Ifri

Frequent searches

Suggestions

Energy - Climate

Description

In the face of the climate emergency and geopolitical confrontations, how can we reconcile security of supply, competitiveness, accessibility, decarbonization and acceptability? What policies are needed?

Related Subjects

Image Taxonomie
Wind turbines generating sustainable energy amidst a green field.
See all
Publications
Image principale

The need for a strategic recycling approach to take up the challenge of critical metals

Date de publication
10 December 2018
Accroche

In September 2010, China stopped all exports of rare earths and associated products to Japan, depriving Japan’s industry of essential raw materials. This decision highlighted the tensions around the trade of critical materials and China’s monopoly on a group of particular metals. Western countries had already taken some initiatives so as to reduce, or at least to analyse their vulnerabilities in the segment of critical materials. 

Image principale

Mexico’s Energy Reforms at Risk?

Date de publication
03 December 2018
Accroche

Mexico’s Energy Reform (hereafter, the Reform) enacted on December 20th 2013, and the Secondary Laws adopted on August 11th 2014, marked a milestone in the history and the development of the Mexican energy sector.

These major changes were unexpected considering that multiple sectorial reforms pursued since the 1990s had systemically failed to address the structural problems which had been mounting over the years.

Image principale

Oil rent and Corruption : the case of Nigeria

Date de publication
30 November 2018
Accroche

This study analyses the various mechanisms that explain the leakage of the main source wealth in Nigeria at all levels of the production and commercialization of oil and gas, from the wellheads, with the bunkering of pipelines, up to the export of crude oil and the import of refined products, including through capital flight to tax havens. 

Marc-Antoine PEROUSE DE MONTCLOS

The US Oil Embargo on Iran: A New Oil Shock?

Date de publication
17 October 2018
Accroche

The 14 July 2015 Vienna agreement on Iran’s nuclear activities (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action – JCPoA) was a game changer on the geopolitics in the Middle East and for the oil market. The oil sanctions were lifted and Iran increased significantly its production and exports. On 8 May 2018, President Trump announced that the United Stated (US) would withdraw from the agreement. Financial sanctions were reintroduced. From 5 November 2018 onwards, further sanctions will be re-imposed more specifically on petroleum related transactions, including the purchase of petroleum, petroleum products and petrochemical products. What could be the impact of this new embargo? Is there a risk of a new oil supply and price shock?

Image principale

The Next Wave of Global LNG Investment Is Coming

Date de publication
16 October 2018
Accroche

With an annual growth of 10% in 2017 to 290 million tons (Mt) and 8.3% in the first half of 2018,​ Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) demand is rising faster than expected. Accounting for 44% of global demand growth in 2017, China is the main driver of the growth as the government has made natural gas a key policy choice to reduce air pollution and restructure its high-carbon energy mix. 

Image principale

Brexit, Electricity and the No-Deal Scenario: Perspectives from Continental Europe, Ireland and the UK

Date de publication
15 October 2018
Accroche

When it comes to energy and electricity in particular, there can be no winner in the Brexit negotiations. The only reasonable objective should be to minimise losses and avoid trade friction.

Carole MATHIEU Steve PYE Paul DEANE
Image principale

Booming Prices on the European Emission Trading System: From Market Oversupply to Carbon Bubble?

Date de publication
08 October 2018
Accroche

Since its creation in 2005, the European emission trading system (EU ETS) has been through several periods of turmoil. With emission allowances (EUA) averaging around 7 euros per ton from 2012 to 2017, European Member States have been trying to remedy the depressed price signals successively through market design reforms at both European level (backloading, market stability reserve) and national level, with the UK introducing a carbon price floor for its domestic power sector in 2013.

Charlotte ROIG-RAMOS
Image principale

Japan’s Hydrogen Strategy and Its Economic and Geopolitical Implications

Date de publication
08 October 2018
Accroche

With the Basic Hydrogen Strategy (hereafter, the Strategy) released on December 26, 2017, Japan reiterated its commitment to pioneer the world’s first “Hydrogen Society”. The Strategy primarily aims to achieve the cost parity of hydrogen with competing fuels, such as gasoline in transport and Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) in power generation. 

Xi Jinping’s Institutional Reforms: Environment over Energy?

Date de publication
02 October 2018
Accroche

During its two sessions (lianghui) in March 2018, the National People’s Congress (NPC) announced China’s most important institutional reforms in the last 30 years. These changes occurred right after Xi Jinping consolidated his power and at a time when stakeholders working in the energy field were expecting more clarity on policy orientations. 

Image principale

The Trump-led Trade War with China: Energy Dominance Self-destructed?

Date de publication
24 September 2018
Accroche

Under particular US legal rationale, such as calling foreign imports a “national security threat”, President Donald Trump has started imposing tariffs and/or quotas and has launched national security investigations on a growing number of imported goods from US allies and others alike.

OPEC: It Is about More Oil - Not Quotas

Date de publication
14 June 2011
Accroche

OPEC has certainly gone out of its way to show how little relevance it has in today’s oil market. It has successfully imported all the political rhetoric and malaise of some of its most unstable members.

Protecting Nuclear Installations: The difference between industrial safety and national security

Date de publication
27 May 2011
Accroche

There is a gritty public debate going on in Europe about what threats should be considered in conducting stress tests on existing nuclear power plants or in establishing safety criteria for new build nuclear power. 

German Nuclear: Green Is Good Politics

Date de publication
26 May 2011
Accroche

In polarized politics, the voter must take on faith the wisdom inherent in the principled political position. Who cannot be impressed by the nuclear catastrophe at Fukushima, especially after living through the fallout from Chernobyl? But is it reasonable to send the voter to the booth with only half the information? Does the German voter have any idea what it means to shut down its nuclear power in just ten years? Have German politicians made any effort to tell them?

Political Oil Prices: A Measured Response if Any

Date de publication
09 May 2011
Accroche

Oil prices are becoming an increasingly worrisome factor in today’s economies. They have risen dramatically over the past 6 or 7 months and are now driving inflation in many economies and acting as a drag on nearly all. They are not at these levels because markets are fundamentally out of balance.

Gas Pains: What to Do About France's Shales

Date de publication
14 April 2011
Accroche

Like other countries in Europe, France has the potential to produce both oil and gas from shale. In the Paris Basin, where oil has been exploited for decades, oil shale quite similar to the Bakken play in North America has considerable promise due to new drilling and exploitation techniques. The potential for shale gas in the South east is less well known and needs to be assessed.

Obama Remarks on Energy: Ball in Congressional Court

Date de publication
05 April 2011
Accroche

President Obama has made clear that in the 2012 election, he intends to defend his record on energy from the middle.

The Governance of Energy Poverty in Southeastern Europe

Date de publication
30 March 2011
Accroche

This report presents the outcomes of a recently-completed research project1 aimed at uncovering the different ways in which energy poverty – understood as a condition wherein the domestic energy services available to a household are below socially and materially necessitated levels – is produced by, and mitigated through, the interaction of relevant decision-making institutions in the energy, social welfare, health and housing domains. The project focused on conditions in Southeastern Europe, where energy prices have been recently on the rise despite falling incomes and poor access to efficient and adequate energy services. 

Stefan BOUZAROVSKI Robert SARLAMANOV Saska PETROVA

The Water in a Cup of Tea - a Water and Energy Primer

Date de publication
29 March 2011
Accroche

Ever give a thought to how much water there is in your cup of tea? I know the volume in the cup is about 8 ounces - but it is hot - hopefully around 100 degrees Celsius or 212 Farenheit. So you had to heat it up one way or another to make tea.

European Energy Policy: Energy Savings Glass 2/3 Empty

Date de publication
22 March 2011
Accroche

Summing up Europe’s climate policies suggests we still haven’t grasped the full potential for energy savings. We act as if we were living in a system with infinite resources easily exploited by human innovation and ingenuity. We focus on the efficiencies we can gain from components of our system, but not on the system as a whole and we do not consider how the other billions of people on earth can achieve our level of comfort with a resource or carbon-constrained future and with aspirations that necessarily imply sharply growing energy consumption.

Yamina SAHEB

Japan's Nuclear Crisis: A Time for Support

Date de publication
17 March 2011
Accroche

These are terrifying moments. No one could ever have imagined that the Japanese nuclear sector could fall victim to such a seismic event.

Support independent French research

Ifri, a foundation recognized as being of public utility, relies largely on private donors – companies and individuals – to guarantee its sustainability and intellectual independence. Through their funding, donors help maintain the Institute's position among the world's leading think tanks. By benefiting from an internationally recognized network and expertise, donors refine their understanding of geopolitical risk and its consequences on global politics and the economy. In 2024, Ifri will support more than 70 French and foreign companies and organizations.

Ramses Conference, 2024
Related centers and programs
Image principale
Climate & Energy
Center for Energy & Climate
Accroche centre

Ifri's Energy and Climate Center carries out activities and research on the geopolitical and geoeconomic issues of energy transitions such as energy security, competitiveness, control of value chains, and acceptability. Specialized in the study of European energy/climate policies as well as energy markets in Europe and around the world, its work also focuses on the energy and climate strategies of major powers such as the United States, China or India. It offers recognized expertise, enriched by international collaborations and events, particularly in Paris and Brussels.

Page image credits
Wind Turbines
(c) Shutterstock